Non-Relational Database 1 | MongoDB Installation and NoSQL Introduction

1. Installation

• Install MongoDB in a new environment

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$ conda install mongodb

• Choose a file path <filepath> for running mongoDB

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$ mongod --dbpath=<filepath>

• Run client in another terminal

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$ mongo

• Download Studio3T IDE for MongoDB

2. NoSQL

(1) Reasons for Non-Relational Database (aka. NoSQL Database)

• Big data: volume (EB), variety (unstructured), and velocity (high speed) of data is beyonf the ability of traditional data-processing applications
• Distributed Computing: or ptoring and processing big data, we have to scale out instead of scale up
• Open-source
• Schemaless
• Scalable

(2) JSON Type

JSON (aka. JavaScript Object Notation) is an open-standard file format that uses human-readable text to transmit data objects consisting of key-value pairs and array data types. They are commonly used for browser-server communication for REST API.

(3) The Features of NoSQL

NoSQL (aka. Not Only SQL) generally has the following features,

• Take schemaless data
• Non-relational
• Open-source applications
• Trade off traditional consistency for other properties
• Run on clusters

(4) Reasons for NoSQL

• Impedance mismatch: relational model doesn't fit in-memory data structure
• Large volume of data: easy to manage big data on distributed clusters

(5) Examples of NoSQL Database

• Aggregated-oriented NoSQL Database

  • Key-value Database: Redis
  • Document Database: MongoDB
  • Columnar Database (Column family): Hbase

• Relationship-oriented NoSQL Database

  • Graph Database: OrientDB

(6) Aggregated-oriented NoSQL Database

Aggregated-oriented means to use a collection of related objects that can be treated as a unit for data manipulation and management. Because relational databases have no concept of aggregrate within their data model, they are so-called aggregate-ignorant.

• An aggregrate is stored together on a node on a cluster
• An aggregrate is a unit of atomic updates
• Aggregated-oriented database use aggregates indexed by key for data lookup
• Aggregated-oriented database don't have ACID transactions

(7) Relationship-oriented NoSQL Database

Relationship-oriented database or graph database is a NoSQL database with its relationships and attributes explicitly defined. They are mainly used or data with complex relationships, which forcus on graph traverse more than inserts. Relationship-oriented NoSQL database are designed to run on a single server rather than distributed clusters.

• Nodes: objects
• Edges: relationships